cheatsheets/git-revisions.md

title	category
Git revisions	Git

Commits

| dae68e1 | sha1 | {:.shortcuts}

References

| HEAD | reference | | master | branch | | v1.0.0 | tag | | origin/master | aka, refs/remotes/origin/master | | heads/master | aka, refs/heads/master | {:.shortcuts}

Searching back

| master@{yesterday} | also 1 day ago, etc | | master@{2} | 2nd prior value | | master@{push} | where master would push to | | master^ | parent commit | | master^2 | 2nd parent, eg, what it merged | | master~5 | 5 parents back | | master^0 | this commit; disambiguates from tags | | v0.99.8^{tag} | can be commit, tag, tree, object | | v0.99.8^{} | defaults to {tag} | | :/fix bug | searches commit messages | {:.shortcuts}

Other

| HEAD:README | ... | | 0:README | (0 to 3) ... | {:.shortcuts}

Ranges

| master | reachable parents from master | | ^master | exclude reachable parents from master | | master..fix | reachable from fix but not master | | master...fix | reachable from fix and master, but not both | | HEAD^@ | parents of HEAD | | HEAD^! | HEAD, then excluding parents's ancestors | | HEAD^{:/fix} | search previous HEADs matching criteria | {:.shortcuts}

Ranges illustration

A -+- E - F - G   master
   '- B - C - D   fix

master..fix   = BCD
master...fix  = BCD and EFG

Example usages

git log master...develop    # inspect differences in branches
git rebase -i HEAD~3        # rebase last 3 commits
git reset --hard HEAD@{2}   # undo last operation that changed HEAD
git show ":/fix bug"        # search commit with regex
git checkout v2^{}          # checkout the `v2` tag (not `v2` branch)