cheatsheets/capybara.html

837 lines
56 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!doctype html>
<html class='NoJs' lang='en'><head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<meta content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0' name='viewport'>
<link href='./assets/favicon.png' rel='shortcut icon'>
<meta content='/capybara.html' name='app:pageurl'>
<title>Capybara cheatsheet</title>
<meta content='Capybara cheatsheet' property='og:title'>
<meta content='Capybara cheatsheet' property='twitter:title'>
<meta content='article' property='og:type'>
<meta content='https://assets.devhints.io/previews/capybara.jpg?t=20200705155142' property='og:image'>
<meta content='https://assets.devhints.io/previews/capybara.jpg?t=20200705155142' property='twitter:image'>
<meta content='900' property='og:image:width'>
<meta content='471' property='og:image:height'>
<meta content="The one-page guide to Capybara: usage, examples, links, snippets, and more." name="description">
<meta content="The one-page guide to Capybara: usage, examples, links, snippets, and more." property="og:description">
<meta content="The one-page guide to Capybara: usage, examples, links, snippets, and more." property="twitter:description">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://devhints.io/capybara">
<meta name="og:url" content="https://devhints.io/capybara">
<meta content='Devhints.io cheatsheets' property='og:site_name'>
<meta content='Ruby libraries' property='article:section'>
<meta content='Featurable' property='article:tag'>
<script async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-106902774-1'></script>
<script>
window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};
gtag('js',new Date());
gtag('config','UA-106902774-1');
</script>
<meta property='page:depth' content='1'>
<script>(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement)</script>
<script>(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bNoJs\b/,'WithJs')})(document.documentElement)</script>
<script>(function(d,s){if(window.Promise&&[].includes&&Object.assign&&window.Map)return;var js,sc=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];js=d.createElement(s);js.src='https://cdn.polyfill.io/v2/polyfill.min.js';sc.parentNode.insertBefore(js, sc);}(document,'script'))</script>
<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/nwmatcher/1.2.5/nwmatcher.min.js'></script><script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/json2/20140204/json2.js'></script><script src='https://cdn.rawgit.com/gisu/selectivizr/1.0.3/selectivizr.js'></script><script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js'></script><script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.js'></script><![endif]-->
<!-- critical css -->
<style id='critical-css'>*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}:after,:before{text-decoration:inherit;vertical-align:inherit}html{cursor:default;line-height:1.5;-moz-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;word-break:break-word}body{margin:0}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}dl dl,dl ol,dl ul,ol dl,ol ol,ol ul,ul dl,ul ol,ul ul{margin:0}hr{height:0;overflow:visible}main{display:block}nav ol,nav ul{list-style:none;padding:0}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}a{background-color:transparent}abbr[title]{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}audio,canvas,iframe,img,svg,video{vertical-align:middle}audio,video{display:inline-block}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}iframe,img{border-style:none}svg:not([fill]){fill:currentColor}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}table{border-collapse:collapse}button,input,select{margin:0}button{overflow:visible;text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}fieldset{border:1px solid #a0a0a0;padding:.35em .75em .625em}input{overflow:visible}legend{color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;white-space:normal}progress{display:inline-block;vertical-align:baseline}select{text-transform:none}textarea{margin:0;overflow:auto;resize:vertical}[type=checkbox],[type=radio]{padding:0}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}::-webkit-inner-spin-button,::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:inherit;opacity:.54}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}details,dialog{display:block}dialog{background-color:#fff;border:solid;color:#000;height:-moz-fit-content;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:fit-content;left:0;margin:auto;padding:1em;position:absolute;right:0;width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content}dialog:not([open]){display:none}summary{display:list-item}canvas{display:inline-block}template{display:none}[tabindex],a,area,button,input,label,select,summary,textarea{-ms-touch-action:manipulation;touch-action:manipulation}[hidden]{display:none}[aria-busy=true]{cursor:progress}[aria-controls]{cursor:pointer}[aria-disabled=true],[disabled]{cursor:not-allowed}[aria-hidden=false][hidden]{display:initial}[aria-hidden=false][hidden]:not(:focus){clip:rect(0,0,0,0);position:absolute}body,html{background:#f1f3f5;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Fira Sans,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;color:#345;overflow-x:hidden}body{font-size:13px;padding:0;margin:0}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){body{font-size:calc(13px + 1*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){body{font-size:calc(14px + 0*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){body{font-size:14px}}code,pre{font-family:cousine,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,Menlo,Liberation Mono,Ubuntu Mono,Courier,monospace;letter-spacing:-.03em}pre{font-size:.96em}:not(pre):not(code){-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}a{color:#26648e}a:visited{color:#15234d}a:hover{color:#3ac1cb}[aria-hidden]:not(.line-highlight){display:none!important}@media (max-width:580px){.hint--bottom:after,.hint--bottom:before{display:none}}html.WithJs .post-content{opacity:0}html.WithJs .intro-content,html.WithJs .pages-list,html.WithJs .post-content.-wrapified{opacity:.98}html.WithJs.LoadDone .intro-content,html.WithJs.LoadDone .pages-list,html.WithJs.LoadDone .post-content.-wrapified{opacity:1;transition:opacity .1s linear .1s}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody a+em{opacity:.5}.MarkdownBody code{color:#678;font-size:.96em}.MarkdownBody code,.MarkdownBody pre{font-family:cousine,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,Menlo,Liberation Mono,Ubuntu Mono,Courier,monospace}.MarkdownBody pre.-box-chars{line-height:1.32}.MarkdownBody pre.-figlet{line-height:1;font-size:11px}.MarkdownBody pre{box-shadow:none;border-left:0;overflow:hidden;overflow-x:auto;background:#fff;font-size:.96em;line-height:1.5}.MarkdownBody pre.-wrap{white-space:pre-wrap}.MarkdownBody pre>code{color:#111;max-height:auto;padding:0;background:transparent;overflow:visible;font-size:1em}.MarkdownBody .line-highlight{transform:translate3d(0,2px,0);background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(20,175,131,.05) 25%,transparent)}.MarkdownBody .line-highlight[data-end]{margin-top:0}.MarkdownBody .line-highlight:after,.MarkdownBody .line-highlight:before{display:none}.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink,.MarkdownBody p.-setup,.MarkdownBody pre.-setup,.MarkdownBody ul.-setup{background:#f8f9fa}.token.keyword,.token.tag{color:#26648e}.token.tag{color:#1d406e}.token.attr-value,.token.boolean,.token.number,.token.regex,.token.string,.token.value{color:#14af83}.token.attr-name,.token.function{color:#2e90ae}.token.comment,.token.operator,.token.punctuation{color:#aaa}.MarkdownBody h2{padding:0;position:relative;font-size:30.0697899531px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:200;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Fira Sans,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;margin:0 0 24px}@media (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody h2{margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:32px}}@media (max-width:480px){.MarkdownBody h2{margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:32px}}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody h2{font-size:calc(30.06979px + 4.03976*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody h2{font-size:calc(34.10955px + 1.80275*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody h2{font-size:35.9122988248px}}.MarkdownBody h2:target{color:#745fb5}.MarkdownBody h3{padding:0;margin:0 0 16px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Fira Sans,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:17.1925px;font-weight:400;color:#745fb5}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody h3{font-size:calc(17.1925px + 1.6459*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody h3{font-size:calc(18.8384px + 0.3262*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody h3{font-size:19.1646px}}.MarkdownBody a,.MarkdownBody a:visited{color:#26648e;text-decoration:none}.MarkdownBody a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.MarkdownBody em{font-style:normal;color:#678}.MarkdownBody iframe{border:0;margin:0;width:100%}.local-anchor{margin-left:-.9em;margin-right:.1em;padding:0 .1em}.MarkdownBody .local-anchor,.MarkdownBody .local-anchor:visited{color:#678;text-decoration:inherit;opacity:.5}.MarkdownBody .local-anchor:target,.MarkdownBody :target>.local-anchor{color:#745fb5;opacity:1}.MarkdownBody .local-anchor:focus,.MarkdownBody .local-anchor:hover{color:#fff;background:#745fb5;opacity:1;text-decoration:inherit}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody img{max-width:100%}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a{display:block;text-decoration:none;color:#745fb5;border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none;margin:-16px;padding:16px}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:visited{color:#745fb5}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:before{content:"";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M85 277.375h259.704L225.002 397.077 256 427l171-171L256 85l-29.922 29.924 118.626 119.7H85v42.75z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/16px 16px no-repeat;height:16px;width:16px;margin-right:16px;width:32px;height:32px;line-height:32px;border-radius:50%}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:before,.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:visited:before{background-color:#745fb5;color:#fff}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:focus,.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:hover{color:#673d85}.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:focus:before,.MarkdownBody.MarkdownBody p.-crosslink>a:hover:before{background-color:#673d85}.MarkdownBody table{width:100%}.MarkdownBody table tr+tr{border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.MarkdownBody table tbody+tbody{border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.3)}.MarkdownBody table td,.MarkdownBody table th{padding:8px 16px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.MarkdownBody table tr td:last-child,.MarkdownBody table tr th:last-child{text-align:right}.MarkdownBody table td:first-child{white-space:nowrap}.MarkdownBody table td>code{font-size:.96em}.MarkdownBody table td:first-child>code{color:#35a}.MarkdownBody table a,.MarkdownBody table a:visited{color:#35a;text-decoration:none}.MarkdownBody table td:first-child>code~em{font-size:11.3043478261px;font-style:normal;color:#678}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody table td:first-child>code~em{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table td:first-child>code~em{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table td:first-child>code~em{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.MarkdownBody table thead{display:none}.MarkdownBody table thead th{font-weight:400;color:#745fb5}.MarkdownBody table.-shortcuts-right td:last-child>code,.MarkdownBody table.-shortcuts td:first-child>code{font-size:1rem;padding:5px 6px 5px 8px;background:#f8f9fa;border-radius:3px;margin-right:2px;letter-spacing:.1em;color:#345}.MarkdownBody table.-left-align tr td,.MarkdownBody table.-left-align tr td:last-child,.MarkdownBody table.-left-align tr th{text-align:left}.MarkdownBody table.-headers thead{display:table-header-group;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.3)}.MarkdownBody table.-key-values tbody tr td+td code{display:block;text-align:left}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td,.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td:last-child,.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr th{text-align:left}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td{font-size:14.95px;white-space:nowrap}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td{font-size:calc(14.95px + 1.29*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td{font-size:calc(16.24px + 0.14*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td{font-size:16.38px}}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td:not(:last-child){padding-right:4px}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr td:not(:first-child){padding-left:4px}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr:last-child{background:#f8f9fa}.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr:last-child td{font-size:11.3043478261px;color:#678;white-space:auto}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr:last-child td{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr:last-child td{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.MarkdownBody table.-css-breakdown tr:last-child td{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.MarkdownBody table.-bold-first tr>td:first-child{font-weight:700}.MarkdownBody table.-no-wrap td,.MarkdownBody table.-no-wrap th{white-space:nowrap}.MarkdownBody table.-mute-em td em,.MarkdownBody table.-mute-em th em{opacity:.5}.MarkdownBody table.-mute-em td em>code,.MarkdownBody table.-mute-em th em>code{margin-right:.5em}.MarkdownBody table tr.separator>td{padding:0;height:4px;background:rgba(102,119,136,.1);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(102,119,136,.3),inset 0 2px 4px rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.MarkdownBody ul.-six-column{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.MarkdownBody ul.-six-column>li{flex:0 0 16.6666666667%}@media (max-width:480px){.MarkdownBody ul.-six-column>li{flex:0 0 50%}}@media (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody ul.-six-column>li{flex:0 0 25%}}.MarkdownBody ul.-four-column{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.MarkdownBody ul.-four-column>li{flex:0 0 25%}@media (max-width:480px){.MarkdownBody ul.-four-column>li{flex:0 0 50%}}@media (max-width:768px){.MarkdownBody ul.-four-column>li{flex:0 0 33.3333333333%}}.back-button{text-decoration:none;width:48px;height:48px;line-height:46px;text-align:center;display:inline-block;border-radius:50%;transition:all .1s linear}@media (max-width:480px){.back-button{width:32px;height:32px;line-height:30px}}.back-button,.back-button:visited{color:#678}.back-button:focus,.back-button:hover{color:#fff;background:#745fb5;opacity:1}.back-button:before{content:"";display:inline-block;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23345' d='M427 234.625H167.296l119.702-119.702L256 85 85 256l171 171 29.922-29.924-118.626-119.7H427v-42.75z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/24px 24px no-repeat;height:24px;width:24px;vertical-align:middle}.back-button:focus:before,.back-button:hover:before{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M427 234.625H167.296l119.702-119.702L256 85 85 256l171 171 29.922-29.924-118.626-119.7H427v-42.75z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/24px 24px no-repeat;height:24px;width:24px}@media (max-width:480px){.back-button:before{font-size:16px}}.body-area{max-width:1232px;margin:0 auto;padding:16px}@media (max-width:480px){.body-area{padding:16px}}.body-area.-slim{max-width:740px}.h3-section>.body>pre{margin:0;padding:16px}@media (max-width:768px){.h3-section>.body{overflow-x:auto}}.h3-section>.body{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 6px 8px rgba(102,119,136,.03),0 1px 2px rgba(102,119,136,.3)}@media (max-width:480px){.h3-section>.body{margin:0 -16px;box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(102,119,136,.55)}}@media (min-width:481px){.h3-section>.body{border-radius:2px}.h3-section>.body>:first-child{border-top-left-radius:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px}.h3-section>.body>:last-child{border-bottom-left-radius:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px}}.h3-section>h3{margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:16px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}@media (max-width:768px){.h3-section>h3{margin-top:0}}.h3-section>h3:after{margin-left:24px;content:"";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:100%;height:1px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(116,95,181,.2),transparent 80%)}.h3-section>.body>ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style-type:none}.h3-section>.body>ul>li{padding:8px 8px 8px 36px;position:relative}.h3-section>.body>ul>li>p{margin:0;padding:0}.h3-section>.body>ul>li:before{content:"";position:absolute;display:inline-block;width:4px;height:4px;background:#678;border-radius:50%;left:16px;top:18px}.h3-section>.body>ul>li+li{border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.h3-section>.body>p{padding:16px;margin:0}.h3-section>.body>h4{font-size:11.3043478261px;margin:0;padding:4px 16px;font-weight:400;background:#f8f9fa;color:#678}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.h3-section>.body>h4{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.h3-section>.body>h4{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.h3-section>.body>h4{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.h3-section>.body>h4+*{border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.h3-section>.body p{background:#f8f9fa;color:#678}.h3-section>.body p a,.h3-section>.body p a:visited{color:#345;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.h3-section>.body p a:hover{color:#26648e}.h3-section>.body>:not(:first-child){border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.1)}.h3-section>.body>p+p,.h3-section>.body>p+p:not(:first-child){margin-top:-1.5em;border-top:0}@media (min-width:481px){.h3-section.-prime>.body{border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 6px 8px rgba(102,119,136,.03),0 1px 2px rgba(102,119,136,.3),0 8px 12px rgba(58,193,203,.1)}}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;background:#f8f9fa}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li{flex:1 0 20%;padding:24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.3)}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li+li{border-left:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.3)}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see,ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li{list-style-type:none}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li:before{display:none}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>a{font-size:14.95px;display:block}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>a{font-size:calc(14.95px + 1.29*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>a{font-size:calc(16.24px + 0.14*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>a{font-size:16.38px}}ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>em{font-size:11.3043478261px;display:block}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>em{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>em{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){ul.-also-see.-also-see.-also-see>li>em{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.h3-section.-intro>.body>p{font-size:14.95px}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>p{font-size:calc(14.95px + 1.29*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>p{font-size:calc(16.24px + 0.14*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>p{font-size:16.38px}}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li{padding-left:16px;position:relative}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li:before{display:none}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a{font-size:14.95px;display:block;font-weight:700}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a{font-size:calc(14.95px + 1.29*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a{font-size:calc(16.24px + 0.14*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a{font-size:16.38px}}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a:before{content:"";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23969BCF' d='M85 277.375h259.704L225.002 397.077 256 427l171-171L256 85l-29.922 29.924 118.626 119.7H85v42.75z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/24px 24px no-repeat;height:24px;width:24px;position:absolute;right:16px;top:50%;margin-top:-12px}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li:hover>a:before{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23745FB5' d='M85 277.375h259.704L225.002 397.077 256 427l171-171L256 85l-29.922 29.924 118.626 119.7H85v42.75z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/24px 24px no-repeat;height:24px;width:24px}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li>a:after{content:"";position:absolute;display:block;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0}.h3-section.-intro>.body>ul>li em{color:#678}.h3-section-list{margin:0 -16px}@media (max-width:1264px){.h3-section-list{margin-left:-8px;margin-right:-8px}}.h3-section-list:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both;zoom:1}.h3-section-list>.h3-section{padding:16px;float:left;width:100%}@media (max-width:1264px){.h3-section-list>.h3-section{padding:8px}}@media (min-width:769px){.h3-section-list>.h3-section{padding-top:0}}@media (min-width:769px){.h3-section-list.-two-column>.h3-section,.h3-section-list>.h3-section{width:50%}}.h3-section-list.-one-column>.h3-section{width:100%}.h3-section-list.-one-column>.h3-section+.h3-section{margin-top:16px}@media (min-width:769px){.h3-section-list.-three-column>.h3-section{width:50%}}@media (min-width:961px){.h3-section-list.-three-column>.h3-section{width:33.33%}}@media (min-width:769px){.h3-section-list.-left-reference>.h3-section{width:50%}}@media (min-width:961px){.h3-section-list.-left-reference>.h3-section{width:66.67%}.h3-section-list.-left-reference>.h3-section:first-child{width:33.33%}}.HeadlinePub .carbon-img,.HeadlinePub .carbon-poweredby,.HeadlinePub .carbon-text{text-decoration:none}.HeadlinePub .carbon-poweredby,.HeadlinePub .carbon-text{padding-top:4px;padding-bottom:4px}.HeadlinePub .carbon-img>img{width:83px;height:64px;box-shadow:0 6px 8px rgba(102,119,136,.03),0 1px 2px rgba(102,119,136,.3);border-radius:3px;background:rgba(102,119,136,.2);color:transparent}.HeadlinePub .carbon-img:hover img{transform:translate3d(0,-1px,0);box-shadow:0 6px 8px rgba(102,119,136,.03),0 1px 2px rgba(102,119,136,.3),0 8px 12px rgba(58,193,203,.1)}.HeadlinePub .carbon-text,.HeadlinePub .carbon-text:visited{color:#345}.HeadlinePub .carbon-text:after{content:" "}.HeadlinePub .carbon-poweredby:hover,.HeadlinePub .carbon-text:hover{color:#26648e}.HeadlinePub .carbon-poweredby,.HeadlinePub .carbon-poweredby:visited{white-space:nowrap;color:#678}.HeadlinePub{position:relative;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.HeadlinePub #carbonads~.placeholder{opacity:0;transition:opacity .25s linear;pointer-events:none}.HeadlinePub>.placeholder{background-image:linear-gradient(92deg,rgba(102,119,136,.1),rgba(102,119,136,.17) 15%,rgba(102,119,136,.1) 30%);background-size:450px 100%;animation:placeholder-swish 2.5s ease-in-out infinite;border-radius:3px;position:absolute;display:block}.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-one{left:0;top:0;width:83px;height:64px}.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-four,.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-three,.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-two{left:99px;top:6px;height:8px;width:280px}.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-three{top:28px}.HeadlinePub>.placeholder.-four{top:50px;width:80px}.HeadlinePub #carbonads{position:relative;z-index:1}.HeadlinePub,.HeadlinePub>div>span{display:block;width:380px;height:64px;text-align:left}.HighlightPubFirstLine .HeadlinePub>div>span:first-line{font-weight:700}.HeadlinePub>div>span:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both;zoom:1}.HeadlinePub .carbon-img{float:left;margin-right:16px}#carbonads{animation:pub-text-enter .25s ease-out}@keyframes placeholder-swish{0%{background-position:-150px 0}50%{background-position:300px 0}to{background-position:300px 0}}@keyframes pub-text-enter{0%{opacity:0;transform:scale(.97)}to{opacity:1}}.main-heading{padding:0;margin:64px 0 24px;position:relative}@media (max-width:768px){.main-heading{margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:32px}}@media (max-width:480px){.main-heading{margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:32px}}.main-heading{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.main-heading>h1{font-size:39.767297213px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:200;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Fira Sans,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;margin:0;text-align:center}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.main-heading>h1{font-size:calc(39.7673px + 6.13051*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.main-heading>h1{font-size:calc(45.89781px + 3.26254*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.main-heading>h1{font-size:49.1603458612px}}.main-heading>h1>em{font-style:normal;color:#9eaab6}.main-heading>.pubbox{margin-top:16px;text-align:center}@media (min-width:769px){.main-heading>.pubbox{margin-top:24px;margin-bottom:24px}}@media (min-width:769px){.UseCompactHeader .main-heading{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;margin-bottom:32px}.UseCompactHeader .main-heading>h1{flex:1 0 auto;text-align:left;padding-right:32px}.UseCompactHeader .main-heading>.pubbox{flex:0 0 auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}}.PreviewMode .main-heading{margin-top:16px}.page-actions{margin:0;padding:0;height:32px}.page-actions>.link.link>a{display:inline-block;height:32px;line-height:32px;vertical-align:top;width:auto}.page-actions>li{margin:0;padding:0;list-style-type:none}.page-actions>li>a,.page-actions>li>a:visited{color:#678;text-decoration:none}.page-actions>li>a:focus,.page-actions>li>a:focus>.text,.page-actions>li>a:hover,.page-actions>li>a:hover>.text{color:#745fb5}.page-actions>li>a>.text{font-size:11.3043478261px;display:none}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.page-actions>li>a>.text{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.page-actions>li>a>.text{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.page-actions>li>a>.text{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.page-actions>li>a>.text.-visible{display:inline}.page-actions+.page-actions{margin-left:8px}.page-actions>.facebook>a:before,.page-actions>.github>a:before,.page-actions>.twitter>a:before{content:"";vertical-align:middle}.page-actions>.facebook>a:before{background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23345' d='M426.8 64H85.2C73.5 64 64 73.5 64 85.2v341.6c0 11.7 9.5 21.2 21.2 21.2H256V296h-45.9v-56H256v-41.4c0-49.6 34.4-76.6 78.7-76.6 21.2 0 44 1.6 49.3 2.3v51.8h-35.3c-24.1 0-28.7 11.4-28.7 28.2V240h57.4l-7.5 56H320v152h106.8c11.7 0 21.2-9.5 21.2-21.2V85.2c0-11.7-9.5-21.2-21.2-21.2z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/16px 16px no-repeat}.page-actions>.facebook>a:before,.page-actions>.twitter>a:before{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;height:16px;width:16px}.page-actions>.twitter>a:before{background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23345' d='M492 109.5c-17.4 7.7-36 12.9-55.6 15.3 20-12 35.4-31 42.6-53.6-18.7 11.1-39.4 19.2-61.5 23.5C399.8 75.8 374.6 64 346.8 64c-53.5 0-96.8 43.4-96.8 96.9 0 7.6.8 15 2.5 22.1-80.5-4-151.9-42.6-199.6-101.3-8.3 14.3-13.1 31-13.1 48.7 0 33.6 17.2 63.3 43.2 80.7-16-.4-31-4.8-44-12.1v1.2c0 47 33.4 86.1 77.7 95-8.1 2.2-16.7 3.4-25.5 3.4-6.2 0-12.3-.6-18.2-1.8 12.3 38.5 48.1 66.5 90.5 67.3-33.1 26-74.9 41.5-120.3 41.5-7.8 0-15.5-.5-23.1-1.4C62.8 432 113.7 448 168.3 448 346.6 448 444 300.3 444 172.2c0-4.2-.1-8.4-.3-12.5C462.6 146 479 129 492 109.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/16px 16px no-repeat}.page-actions>.github>a:before{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23345' d='M256 32C132.3 32 32 134.9 32 261.7c0 101.5 64.2 187.5 153.2 217.9 1.4.3 2.6.4 3.8.4 8.3 0 11.5-6.1 11.5-11.4 0-5.5-.2-19.9-.3-39.1-8.4 1.9-15.9 2.7-22.6 2.7-43.1 0-52.9-33.5-52.9-33.5-10.2-26.5-24.9-33.6-24.9-33.6-19.5-13.7-.1-14.1 1.4-14.1h.1c22.5 2 34.3 23.8 34.3 23.8 11.2 19.6 26.2 25.1 39.6 25.1 10.5 0 20-3.4 25.6-6 2-14.8 7.8-24.9 14.2-30.7-49.7-5.8-102-25.5-102-113.5 0-25.1 8.7-45.6 23-61.6-2.3-5.8-10-29.2 2.2-60.8 0 0 1.6-.5 5-.5 8.1 0 26.4 3.1 56.6 24.1 17.9-5.1 37-7.6 56.1-7.7 19 .1 38.2 2.6 56.1 7.7 30.2-21 48.5-24.1 56.6-24.1 3.4 0 5 .5 5 .5 12.2 31.6 4.5 55 2.2 60.8 14.3 16.1 23 36.6 23 61.6 0 88.2-52.4 107.6-102.3 113.3 8 7.1 15.2 21.1 15.2 42.5 0 30.7-.3 55.5-.3 63 0 5.4 3.1 11.5 11.4 11.5 1.2 0 2.6-.1 4-.4C415.9 449.2 480 363.1 480 261.7 480 134.9 379.7 32 256 32z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 50%/16px 16px no-repeat;height:16px;width:16px}.page-actions>.github>a:hover:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='512' height='512'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M256 32C132.3 32 32 134.9 32 261.7c0 101.5 64.2 187.5 153.2 217.9 1.4.3 2.6.4 3.8.4 8.3 0 11.5-6.1 11.5-11.4 0-5.5-.2-19.9-.3-39.1-8.4 1.9-15.9 2.7-22.6 2.7-43.1 0-52.9-33.5-52.9-33.5-10.2-26.5-24.9-33.6-24.9-33.6-19.5-13.7-.1-14.1 1.4-14.1h.1c22.5 2 34.3 23.8 34.3 23.8 11.2 19.6 26.2 25.1 39.6 25.1 10.5 0 20-3.4 25.6-6 2-14.8 7.8-24.9 14.2-30.7-49.7-5.8-102-25.5-102-113.5 0-25.1 8.7-45.6 23-61.6-2.3-5.8-10-29.2 2.2-60.8 0 0 1.6-.5 5-.5 8.1 0 26.4 3.1 56.6 24.1 17.9-5.1 37-7.6 56.1-7.7 19 .1 38.2 2.6 56.1 7.7 30.2-21 48.5-24.1 56.6-24.1 3.4 0 5 .5 5 .5 12.2 31.6 4.5 55 2.2 60.8 14.3 16.1 23 36.6 23 61.6 0 88.2-52.4 107.6-102.3 113.3 8 7.1 15.2 21.1 15.2 42.5 0 30.7-.3 55.5-.3 63 0 5.4 3.1 11.5 11.4 11.5 1.2 0 2.6-.1 4-.4C415.9 449.2 480 363.1 480 261.7 480 134.9 379.7 32 256 32z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.page-actions>.facebook>a:before,.page-actions>.twitter>a:before{width:32px;height:32px}.page-actions>.github>a:before{position:relative;top:-2px}.page-actions>.link.-button>a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(102,119,136,.3);border-radius:2px;padding:0 16px;margin:0 8px;transition:all .1s linear}.page-actions>.link.-button>a>.text{margin-left:4px;position:relative;top:-1px}.page-actions>.link.-button>a:focus,.page-actions>.link.-button>a:hover{background:linear-gradient(5deg,#745fb5,#9066b8);box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(102,119,136,.55)}.page-actions>.link.-button>a:focus,.page-actions>.link.-button>a:focus>.text,.page-actions>.link.-button>a:hover,.page-actions>.link.-button>a:hover>.text{color:#fff}@media (max-width:768px){.page-actions>.link{margin-left:16px}}.page-actions>.link:first-child>a{margin-left:0}.page-actions>.link:last-child>a{margin-right:0}.top-nav,.top-nav>.container{height:64px;line-height:64px;text-align:center;position:relative}@media (max-width:480px){.top-nav>.container{height:32px;line-height:32px;margin-top:8px}.top-nav{height:48px;padding:8px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(102,119,136,.3);margin-bottom:8px}}.top-nav>.container{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;max-width:1232px;margin:0 auto}@media (max-width:480px){.top-nav>.container{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px}}.top-nav>.container{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative}.top-nav>.container>.left{flex:0 0 auto;line-height:32px}.top-nav>.container>.brand{flex:1 1 auto}.top-nav>.container>.actions{flex:0 0 auto;display:flex}.top-nav>.container>.brand{font-size:11.3043478261px;display:inline-block;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;text-decoration:none}@media (min-width:480px) and (max-width:768px){.top-nav>.container>.brand{font-size:calc(11.30435px + 0.76462*(100vw - 480px)/288)}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1280px){.top-nav>.container>.brand{font-size:calc(12.06897px + -0.10315*(100vw - 768px)/512)}}@media (min-width:1280px){.top-nav>.container>.brand{font-size:11.9658119658px}}.top-nav>.container>.brand,.top-nav>.container>.brand:visited{color:#345}.top-nav>.container>.brand:hover{color:#745fb5}@media (max-width:480px){.top-nav>.container>.brand{display:none}.top-nav>.container>.actions{margin-left:auto}}@media (min-width:481px){.top-nav>.container>.actions{position:absolute;right:16px;top:16px}}@media (min-width:481px) and (max-width:480px){.top-nav>.container>.actions{right:16px}}@media (min-width:481px){.top-nav>.container>.left{position:absolute;left:16px;top:16px}}@media (min-width:481px) and (max-width:480px){.top-nav>.container>.left{left:16px}}@media (min-width:1232px){.top-nav>.container>.left>.home{position:relative;left:-16px}}</style>
<!-- allow disabling critical CSS optimization by passing ?nocrit=1 -->
<script id='critical-css-disable'>if (~window.location.search.indexOf('nocrit')){;[].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('#critical-css')).map(function(e){e.parentNode.removeChild(e)})}</script>
<!-- deferred css -->
<script id='deferred-css'>;(function(links){(requestAnimationFrame||mozRequestAnimationFrame||webkitRequestAnimationFrame||msRequestAnimationFrame||(function(fn){window.addEventListener('load',fn)}))(function(){var h=document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0],l,i;for (i=0;i<links.length;i++){l=document.createElement('link');l.rel='stylesheet';l.href=links[i];h.appendChild(l);}})})([
'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Cousine',
'./assets/2017/style.css?t=20200705155142'
])</script>
<noscript id='deferred-css-fallback'>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Cousine'>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='./assets/2017/style.css?t=20200705155142'>
</noscript>
<script type='application/ld+json'>
{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"mainEntityOfPage": {
"@type": "WebPage",
"@id": "https://google.com/article"
},
"headline": "Capybara cheatsheet",
"image": [ "https://assets.devhints.io/previews/capybara.jpg?t=20200705155142" ],
"description": "The one-page guide to Capybara: usage, examples, links, snippets, and more."
}
</script>
<script type='application/ld+json'>
{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "BreadcrumbList",
"itemListElement": [{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 1,
"item": {
"@id": "https://devhints.io/#ruby-libraries",
"name": "Ruby libraries"
}
},{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 2,
"item": {
"@id": "https://devhints.io/capybara",
"name": "Capybara"
}
}]
}
</script>
</head><body class='UseCompactHeader HighlightPubFirstLine'>
<nav class='top-nav' data-js-no-preview role='navigation'>
<div class='container'>
<div class='left'>
<a class='home back-button' href='.'></a>
</div>
<a class='brand' href='.'>
Devhints.io
</a>
<div class='actions'>
<ul class="social-list social page-actions">
<li class="facebook link hint--bottom" data-hint="Share on Facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://devhints.io/capybara.html" target="share"><span class="text"></span></a></li>
<li class="twitter link hint--bottom" data-hint="Share on Twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=The%20ultimate%20cheatsheet%20for%20Capybara.%20https://devhints.io/capybara.html" target="share"><span class="text"></span></a></li>
</ul>
<ul class='page-actions'>
<li class='link github -button hint--bottom' data-hint='Edit this page on GitHub'>
<a href='https://github.com/rstacruz/cheatsheets/blob/master/capybara.md'>
<span class='text -visible'>Edit</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class='body-area'>
<header class='main-heading -center' role='banner'>
<h1 class='h1'>Capybara <em>cheatsheet</em></h1>
<div class='pubbox' data-js-no-preview>
<div class='HeadlinePub' role='complementary'>
<script async src='https://pubsrv.devhints.io/carbon.js?serve=CE7IK5QM&placement=devhintsio' id="_carbonads_js"></script>
<span class='placeholder -one'></span>
<span class='placeholder -two'></span>
<span class='placeholder -three'></span>
<span class='placeholder -four'></span>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<main class='post-content MarkdownBody' data-js-main-body data-js-anchors role='main'>
<h3 id="navigating">Navigating</h3>
<pre><code>visit articles_path
</code></pre>
<h3 id="clicking-links-and-buttons">Clicking links and buttons</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">click_on 'Link Text'
click_button
click_link
</code></pre>
<h3 id="interacting-with-forms">Interacting with forms</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">attach_file 'Image', '/path/to/image.jpg'
fill_in 'First Name', with: 'John'
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">check 'A checkbox'
uncheck 'A checkbox'
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">choose 'A radio button'
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">select 'Option', from: 'Select box'
unselect
</code></pre>
<h3 id="limiting">Limiting</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">within '.classname' do
click '...'
end
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">within_fieldset :id do
...
end
</code></pre>
<h2 id="querying">Querying</h2>
<h3 id="predicates">Predicates</h3>
<pre class="-setup"><code class="language-ruby">page.has_css?('.button')
expect(page).to have_css('.button')
page.should have_css('.button')
</code></pre>
<table class="-headers -left-align">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Positive</th>
<th>Negative</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_content?</code></td>
<td><code>has_no_content?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_css?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_css?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_xpath?</code> <em>(path)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_xpath?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_link?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_link?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_button?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_button?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_field?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_field?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_checked_field?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_unchecked_field?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_table?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_table?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>has_select?</code> <em>(selector)</em></td>
<td><code>has_no_select?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In Rspec, these also map to matchers like <code>page.should have_content</code>.</p>
<h3 id="selectors">Selectors</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to have_button('Save')
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to have_button('#submit')
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to have_button('//[@id="submit"]')
</code></pre>
<p>The <code>selector</code> arguments can be text, CSS selector, or XPath expression.</p>
<h3 id="rspec-assertions">RSpec assertions</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.has_button?('Save')
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to have_no_button('Save')
</code></pre>
<p>In RSpec, you can use <code>page.should</code> assertions.</p>
<h3 id="about-negatives">About negatives</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to have_no_button('Save') # OK
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).not_to have_button('Save') # Bad
</code></pre>
<p>Use <code>should have_no_*</code> versions with RSpec matchers because
<code>should_not have_*</code> doesnt wait for a timeout from the driver.</p>
<h2 id="rspec">RSpec</h2>
<h3 id="matchers">Matchers</h3>
<pre class="-setup"><code class="language-ruby">expect(page).to \
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby"> have_selector '.blank-state'
have_selector 'h1#hola', text: 'Welcome'
have_button 'Save'
have_checked_field '#field'
have_unchecked_field
have_css '.class'
have_field '#field'
have_table '#table'
have_xpath '//div'
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby"> have_link 'Logout', href: logout_path
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby"> have_select 'Language',
selected: 'German'
options: ['Engish', 'German']
with_options: ['Engish', 'German'] # partial match
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby"> have_text 'Hello',
type: :visible # or :all
# alias: have_content
</code></pre>
<h3 id="common-options">Common options</h3>
<p class="-setup">All matchers have these options:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby"> text: 'welcome'
text: /Hello/
visible: true
count: 4
between: 2..5
minimum: 2
maximum: 5
wait: 10
</code></pre>
<h2 id="other-features">Other features</h2>
<h3 id="finding">Finding</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">find(selector)
find_button(selector)
find_by_id(id)
find_field(selector)
find_link(selector)
locate
</code></pre>
<h3 id="scoping">Scoping</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">within '#delivery' do
fill_in 'Street', with: 'Hello'
end
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">within :xpath, '//article'
within_fieldset
within_table
within_frame
scope_to
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">find('#x').fill_in('Street', with: 'Hello')
# same as within
</code></pre>
<h3 id="scripting">Scripting</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">execute_script('$("input").trigger("change")')
evaluate_script('window.ga')
</code></pre>
<p>Executes JavaScript.</p>
<h3 id="debugging">Debugging</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">save_and_open_page
</code></pre>
<p>Opens the webpage in your browser.</p>
<h3 id="page">Page</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page
.all('h3')
.body
.html
.source
.current_host
.current_path
.current_url
</code></pre>
<h3 id="ajax">AJAX</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">using_wait_time 10 do
...
end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="misc">Misc</h3>
<pre><code>drag
field_labeled
</code></pre>
<h3 id="page-object">Page object</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.status_code == 200
page.response_headers
</code></pre>
<p>See: <a href="http://www.rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Session">http://www.rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Session</a></p>
<h3 id="poltergeist">Poltergeist</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, :inspector =&gt; true)
end
Capybara.javascript_driver = :poltergeist
</code></pre>
<p>Use <a href="https://github.com/teampoltergeist/poltergeist">poltergeist</a> to integrate PhantomJS.</p>
<h3 id="blacklist">Blacklist</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">config.before :each, :js do
page.driver.browser.url_blacklist = [
'fonts.googleapis.com',
'use.typekit.net',
'f.vimeocdn.com',
'player.vimeo.com',
'www.googletagmanager.com'
].flat_map { |domain| [ "http://#{domain}", "https://#{domain}" ] }
end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="debugging-1">Debugging</h3>
<p class="-setup">Enable <code>inspector: true</code> and then:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.driver.debug
</code></pre>
<p>To pause execution for a while:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.driver.pause
</code></pre>
<h2 id="selenium">Selenium</h2>
<h3 id="accepting-confirm-and-alert">Accepting confirm() and alert()</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">accept_alert { ... }
dismiss_confirm { ... }
accept_prompt(with: 'hi') { ... }
</code></pre>
<p>Alternatively:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.driver.browser.switch_to.alert.accept
</code></pre>
<h3 id="updating-session">Updating session</h3>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">page.set_rack_session(foo: 'bar')
</code></pre>
<h2 class="-one-column" id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/Capybara/RSpecMatchers">http://rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/Capybara/RSpecMatchers</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Node/Matchers">http://www.rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Node/Matchers</a></li>
</ul>
</main>
</div>
<div class='pre-footer' data-js-no-preview><i class='icon'></i></div>
<section class='comments-area' id='comments' data-js-no-preview>
<div class='container'>
<details class='comments-details'>
<summary>
<strong class='count'>
<span class='disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier="capybara" data-disqus-url='https://devhints.io/capybara'>0 Comments</span>
</strong>
<span class='suffix'>for this cheatsheet.</span>
<span class='fauxlink'>Write yours!</span>
</summary>
<div class='comments-section'>
<div class='comments'>
<div id='disqus_thread'></div>
</div>
</div>
</details>
</div>
<noscript data-js-disqus='{"host":"devhints.disqus.com","url":"https://devhints.io/capybara","identifier":"capybara"}'></noscript>
</section>
<footer class='search-footer' data-js-no-preview>
<div class='container'>
<div class='search-footer-section'>
<div class='search'>
<form
class='search' action='.' method='get'>
<label class='search-box -small'>
<span class='prefix'>devhints.io</span>
<span class='sep'>/</span>
<input name='q'
type='text'
placeholder='Search 355+ cheatsheets'
>
</label>
</form>
</div>
<div class='links'>
<a class='home-button' href='.'><i></i></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<footer class='related-posts-area' id='related' data-js-no-preview>
<div class='container'>
<div class='related-posts-section'>
<div class='callout'>
<a class='related-posts-callout' href='.'>
<div class='text'>
<i class='icon'></i>
<span class='description'>
Over 355 curated cheatsheets, by developers for developers.
</span>
<span class='push-button -dark'>
Devhints home
</span>
</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class='group'>
<div class='related-posts-group'>
<h3>Other Ruby libraries cheatsheets</h3>
<ul class='related-post-list'>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./factory_bot'>
<strong>Factory Bot</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./meta-tags'>
<strong>Meta-tags gem</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./ronn'>
<strong>Ronn</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./slim'>
<strong>Slim</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./chunky_png'>
<strong>Chunky PNG</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./do'>
<strong>Do gem</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class='group'>
<div class='related-posts-group'>
<h3>Top cheatsheets</h3>
<ul class='related-post-list'>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./elixir'>
<strong>Elixir</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./es6'>
<strong>ES2015+</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./react'>
<strong>React.js</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./vim-diff'>
<strong>Vimdiff</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./vim'>
<strong>Vim</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class='item related-post-item'>
<a href='./vimscript'>
<strong>Vim scripting</strong>
<span>
cheatsheet
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<script>parcelRequire=function(e,r,t,n){var i,o="function"==typeof parcelRequire&&parcelRequire,u="function"==typeof require&&require;function f(t,n){if(!r[t]){if(!e[t]){var i="function"==typeof parcelRequire&&parcelRequire;if(!n&&i)return i(t,!0);if(o)return o(t,!0);if(u&&"string"==typeof t)return u(t);var c=new Error("Cannot find module '"+t+"'");throw c.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",c}p.resolve=function(r){return e[t][1][r]||r},p.cache={};var l=r[t]=new f.Module(t);e[t][0].call(l.exports,p,l,l.exports,this)}return r[t].exports;function p(e){return f(p.resolve(e))}}f.isParcelRequire=!0,f.Module=function(e){this.id=e,this.bundle=f,this.exports={}},f.modules=e,f.cache=r,f.parent=o,f.register=function(r,t){e[r]=[function(e,r){r.exports=t},{}]};for(var c=0;c<t.length;c++)try{f(t[c])}catch(e){i||(i=e)}if(t.length){var l=f(t[t.length-1]);"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=l:"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return l}):n&&(this[n]=l)}if(parcelRequire=f,i)throw i;return f}({"r6WJ":[function(require,module,exports) {
function e(e,t){var r=e.matches||e.matchesSelector||e.msMatchesSelector||e.mozMatchesSelector||e.webkitMatchesSelector||e.oMatchesSelector;if(r)return r.call(e,t);if(e.parentNode){for(var c=e.parentNode.querySelectorAll(t),o=c.length;o--;0)if(c[o]===e)return!0;return!1}}module.exports=e;
},{}],"cDuO":[function(require,module,exports) {
function e(e,r){var n,o,t=e.length;if("number"==typeof t)for(n=0;n<t;n++)r(e[n],n);else for(n in o=0,e)e.hasOwnProperty(n)&&r(e[n],n,o++);return e}module.exports=e;
},{}],"G20n":[function(require,module,exports) {
var s=require("./each");function e(i,a){if(a)if(Array.isArray(a))s(a,function(s){e(i,s)});else if(i.classList){var r=a.split(" ").filter(Boolean);s(r,function(s){i.classList.add(s)})}else i.className+=" "+a}module.exports=e;
},{"./each":"cDuO"}],"THIL":[function(require,module,exports) {
"use strict";Object.defineProperty(exports,"__esModule",{value:!0}),exports.appendMany=c,exports.nextUntil=f,exports.before=s,exports.findChildren=d,exports.createDiv=p;var t=e(require("dom101/matches"));function e(t){return t&&t.__esModule?t:{default:t}}function r(t){return u(t)||i(t)||o(t)||n()}function n(){throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.")}function o(t,e){if(t){if("string"==typeof t)return a(t,e);var r=Object.prototype.toString.call(t).slice(8,-1);return"Object"===r&&t.constructor&&(r=t.constructor.name),"Map"===r||"Set"===r?Array.from(t):"Arguments"===r||/^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(r)?a(t,e):void 0}}function i(t){if("undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.iterator in Object(t))return Array.from(t)}function u(t){if(Array.isArray(t))return a(t)}function a(t,e){(null==e||e>t.length)&&(e=t.length);for(var r=0,n=new Array(e);r<e;r++)n[r]=t[r];return n}function c(t,e){e.forEach(function(e){t.appendChild(e)})}function f(t,e){return l(t.nextSibling,e,[])}function l(e,n,o){return e?(0,t.default)(e,n)?o:l(e.nextSibling,n,[].concat(r(o),[e])):o}function s(t,e){t.parentNode.insertBefore(e,t)}function d(e,r){return[].slice.call(e.children).filter(function(e){return(0,t.default)(e,r)})}function p(t){var e=document.createElement("div");return Object.keys(t).forEach(function(r){e.setAttribute(r,t[r])}),e}
},{"dom101/matches":"r6WJ"}],"hE9p":[function(require,module,exports) {
"use strict";Object.defineProperty(exports,"__esModule",{value:!0}),exports.default=f,exports.groupify=p;var r=e(require("dom101/matches")),t=e(require("dom101/add-class")),n=require("../helpers/dom");function e(r){return r&&r.__esModule?r:{default:r}}function o(r){return c(r)||u(r)||i(r)||a()}function a(){throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.")}function i(r,t){if(r){if("string"==typeof r)return s(r,t);var n=Object.prototype.toString.call(r).slice(8,-1);return"Object"===n&&r.constructor&&(n=r.constructor.name),"Map"===n||"Set"===n?Array.from(r):"Arguments"===n||/^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(n)?s(r,t):void 0}}function u(r){if("undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.iterator in Object(r))return Array.from(r)}function c(r){if(Array.isArray(r))return s(r)}function s(r,t){(null==t||t>r.length)&&(t=r.length);for(var n=0,e=new Array(t);n<t;n++)e[n]=r[n];return e}function f(r){l(r).forEach(function(r){(0,n.findChildren)(r,"[data-js-h3-section-list]").forEach(function(r){d(r)})})}function l(r){return p(r,{tag:"h2",wrapperFn:function(){return(0,n.createDiv)({class:"h2-section"})},bodyFn:function(){return(0,n.createDiv)({class:"body h3-section-list","data-js-h3-section-list":""})}})}function d(r){return p(r,{tag:"h3",wrapperFn:function(){return(0,n.createDiv)({class:"h3-section"})},bodyFn:function(){return(0,n.createDiv)({class:"body"})}})}function p(e,a){var i=a.tag,u=a.wrapperFn,c=a.bodyFn,s=e.children[0],f=[];if(s&&!(0,r.default)(s,i)){var l=(0,n.nextUntil)(s,i);f.push(d(s,null,[s].concat(o(l))))}return(0,n.findChildren)(e,i).forEach(function(r){var t=(0,n.nextUntil)(r,i);f.push(d(r,r,t))}),f;function d(r,e,o){var a=u(),i=r.className;i&&(0,t.default)(a,i),(0,n.before)(r,a);var s=c();return i&&(0,t.default)(s,i),(0,n.appendMany)(s,o),e&&a.appendChild(e),a.appendChild(s),a}}
},{"dom101/matches":"r6WJ","dom101/add-class":"G20n","../helpers/dom":"THIL"}],"DJ2P":[function(require,module,exports) {
function n(n,t,e){n.addEventListener?n.addEventListener(t,e):n.attachEvent("on"+t,function(){e.call(n)})}module.exports=n;
},{}],"eoMl":[function(require,module,exports) {
"use strict";var e=u(require("./wrapify")),d=u(require("dom101/add-class")),t=u(require("dom101/on"));function u(e){return e&&e.__esModule?e:{default:e}}var a,o=document.querySelector("[data-js-main-body]");function r(){a||((0,d.default)(document.documentElement,"LoadDone"),a=!0)}o&&((0,e.default)(o),(0,d.default)(o,"-wrapified")),(0,t.default)(window,"load",r),setTimeout(r,5e3);
},{"./wrapify":"hE9p","dom101/add-class":"G20n","dom101/on":"DJ2P"}]},{},["eoMl"], null)</script>
<script src='./assets/packed/app.js?t=20200705155142'></script>
</body>
</html>