776 lines
55 KiB
HTML
776 lines
55 KiB
HTML
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<header class='main-heading -center' role='banner'>
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<h1 class='h1'>GnuPG <em>cheatsheet</em></h1>
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<div class='intro-content MarkdownBody'>
|
||
<p><a href="https://gnupg.org/">GnuPG</a> is a complete and free implementation of the OpenPGP standard.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
|
||
<main class='post-content MarkdownBody' data-js-main-body data-js-anchors role='main'>
|
||
<h2 id="basics">Basics</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="exporting-keys">Exporting keys</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -o key.gpg --export <KEY ID>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Export key in ASCII:</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -o key.asc --armor --export <KEY ID>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Omitting the <code>-o|--output</code> option will print the key to <code>stdout</code>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="importing-keys">Importing keys</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --import key.gpg
|
||
gpg --import key.asc
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Only merge updates for keys already in key-ring:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --import key.asc --import-options merge-only
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="managing-your-keyring">Managing your keyring</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p class="-setup">Generate a new key:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --gen-key
|
||
# or, generate a new key with dialogs for all options
|
||
gpg --full-gen-key
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>List public keys:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -k
|
||
gpg --list-keys
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>List secret keys:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -K
|
||
gpg --list-secret-keys
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="using-a-keyserver">Using a keyserver</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p class="-setup">Import keys from keyserver:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --receive-keys <KEY IDS>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Upload keys to keyserver:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --send-keys <KEY IDS>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Request updates from keyserver for keys already in your keyring:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --refresh-keys
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Search keys from keyserver:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --search-keys "<SEARCH STRING>"
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Override keyserver from <code>~/.gnupg/gpg.conf</code></p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --keyserver <URL> ...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="trusting-a-key">Trusting a key</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --edit-key <KEY ID>
|
||
# In the interactive prompt:
|
||
gpg> trust
|
||
gpg> save
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>NOTE:</strong> You can use the owner’s email or name (or part thereof) instead of the key ID for <code>--edit-key</code></p>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="-two-column" id="encrypting">Encrypting</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="public-key-encryption">Public key encryption</h3>
|
||
<p>This will produce an encrypted file, <code>secret.txt.gpg</code>, that can only be decrypted by the recipient:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -e -o secret.txt.gpg -r <RECIPIENT> secret.txt
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>For <code><RECIPIENT></code> you can use their key ID, their email, or their name (or part thereof).</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -e -r <KEY ID> ...
|
||
gpg -e -r "Bez" ...
|
||
gpg -e -r "bezalelhermoso@gmail.com" ...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Specifying multiple recipients</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -e -r <RECIPIENT> -r <ANOTHER RECIPIENT> ... secret.txt
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Omitting <code>-o|--output</code> will produce an encrypted file named <code><ORIGINAL FILENAME>.gpg</code> by default.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="symmetric-encryption">Symmetric encryption</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Encrypt file using a shared key. You will be prompted for a passphrase.</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --symmetric secret.txt
|
||
# or
|
||
gpg -c secret.txt
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="-one-column" id="decrypting">Decrypting</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="decrypting-a-file">Decrypting a file</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -d -o secret.txt secret.txt.gpg
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>If the file is encrypted via symmetric encryption, you will be prompted for the passphrase.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Omitting <code>-o|--output</code> will print the unencrypted contents to <code>stdout</code></p>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="-two-column" id="signing--verifying">Signing & Verifying</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="signing">Signing</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -o signed-file.txt.gpg -s file.txt
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>This can be used during encryption to also sign encrypted files:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -s -o secret.txt.gpg \
|
||
-r <RECIPIENT> secret.txt
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="verifying-a-signature">Verifying a signature</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --verify file.txt.gpg
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="viewing-content-of-signed-file">Viewing content of signed file</h3>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -d signed-file.txt.gpg
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="-two-column" id="miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="components">Components</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p class="-setup">List all components:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpgconf --list-components
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Kill a component:</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpgconf --kill <COMPONENT> # i.e. gpgconf --kill dirmngr
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Kill all components:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpgconf --kill all
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<h3 id="parsing-keyring-data">Parsing keyring data</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>Use <code>--with-colons</code> to produce an output that can easily be parsed i.e. with <code>awk</code>, <code>grep</code>. Fields are colon-separated.</p>
|
||
|
||
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg -k --with-colons
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
<p>Field Quick Reference:</p>
|
||
|
||
<table>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Field #</td>
|
||
<td>Description</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>1</td>
|
||
<td>Record type</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>2</td>
|
||
<td>Validity</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>3</td>
|
||
<td>Key length in bits</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>4</td>
|
||
<td>Public key algorithm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>5</td>
|
||
<td>Key ID</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>6</td>
|
||
<td>Creation date</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>7</td>
|
||
<td>Expiry date</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>8</td>
|
||
<td>Certificate S/N, UID hash, trust signature info</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>9</td>
|
||
<td>Ownertrust</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>10</td>
|
||
<td>User ID</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>11</td>
|
||
<td>Signature class</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>12</td>
|
||
<td>Key capabilities</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>13</td>
|
||
<td>Issuer fingerprint</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>14</td>
|
||
<td>Flag field</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>15</td>
|
||
<td>S/N of token</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>16</td>
|
||
<td>Hash algorithm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>17</td>
|
||
<td>Curve name</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>18</td>
|
||
<td>Compliance flags</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>19</td>
|
||
<td>Last update timestamp</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>20</td>
|
||
<td>Origin</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<p>See <a href="https://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=gnupg.git;a=blob_plain;f=doc/DETAILS">GnuPG Details</a> for more details.</p>
|
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|
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<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class='item related-post-item'>
|
||
<a href='./vimscript'>
|
||
<strong>Vim scripting</strong>
|
||
<span>
|
||
cheatsheet
|
||
|
||
|
||
<abbr class='attribute-peg -new-layout hint--bottom' data-hint='New layout!'><span></span></abbr>
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
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||
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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