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Improve xpath

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Rico Sta. Cruz 2015-04-17 14:54:36 +08:00
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xpath.md
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@ -3,21 +3,27 @@ title: Xpath
layout: default
---
CSS equivalents
---------------
### Descendant selectors
| CSS | Xpath | ? |
| --- | --- | ---: |
| `ul > li` | `//ul/li` | [?](#axes) |
| `ul > li > a` | `//ul/li/a` | |
| `div > *` | `//div/*` | |
| --- | --- | |
| `h1` | `//h1` | [?](#prefixes) |
| `div p` | `//div//p` | [?](#axes) |
| --- | --- | |
| `h1 ~ ul` | `//h1/following-sibling::ul` | [?](#other-axes) |
| `h1 ~ #id` | `//h1/following-sibling::[@id="id"]` | |
| `h1 + ul` | `//h1/following-sibling::ul` | [?](#other-axes) |
| `h1 + #id` | `//h1/following-sibling::[@id="id"]` | |
| --- | --- | |
| `:root` | `/` | [?](#prefixes) |
| `:root > body` | `/body` | |
{:.greycode.no-head}
### Attribute selectors
| CSS | Xpath | ? |
| --- | --- | |
| `input[type="submit"]` | `//input[@type="submit"]` | [?](#predicates) |
| `a[href^='/']` | `//a[starts-with(@href, '/')]` | [?](#string-functions) |
@ -25,7 +31,12 @@ CSS equivalents
| --- | --- | |
| `#id` | `//[@id="id"]` | |
| `.class` | `//[@class="class"]` *...see below* | |
| --- | --- | |
{:.greycode.no-head}
### Order selectors
| CSS | Xpath | ? |
| --- | --- | -- |
| `ul > li:first-child` | `//ul/li[1]` | [?](#indexing) |
| `ul > li:nth-child(2)` | `//ul/li[2]` | |
| `ul > li:last-child` | `//ul/li[last()]` | |
@ -37,6 +48,28 @@ CSS equivalents
| `li:first-of-type` | `//li[not(preceding-sibling::li)]` | |
{:.greycode.no-head}
### jQuery
| jQuery | Xpath | ? |
| ------ | --- | -- |
| `$('ul > li').parent()` | `//ul/li/..` | [?](#other-axes) |
| `$('li').closest('section')` | `//li/ancestor-or-self::section` | |
| ---- | ---- | |
| `$('a').attr('href')` | `//a/@href` | [?](#steps) |
| `$('span').text()` | `//span/text()` | |
{:.greycode.no-head}
### Other things
| jQuery | Xpath | ? |
| ---- | ---- | -- |
| Text match | `//button[text()="Submit"]` | [?](#operators) |
| Text match (substring) | `//button[contains(text(),"Go")]` | |
| Arithmetic | `//product[@price > 2.50]` | |
| Has children | `//ul[*]` | |
| Has children (specific) | `//ul[li]` | |
{:.greycode.no-head}
### Class check
Xpath doesn't have the "check if part of space-separated list" operator, so this is the workaround:
@ -44,25 +77,6 @@ Xpath doesn't have the "check if part of space-separated list" operator, so this
//div[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' foobar ')]
```
### Other stuff
For things that CSS alone can't do.
| jQuery | Xpath |
| ------ | --- |
| `$('ul > li').parent()` | `//ul/li/..` |
| `$('li').closest('section')` | `//li/ancestor-or-self::section` |
| ---- | ---- |
| `$('a').attr('href')` | `//a/@href` |
| `$('span').text()` | `//span/text()` |
| ---- | ---- |
| Text match | `//button[text()="Submit"]` |
| Text match (substring) | `//button[contains(text(),"Go")]` |
| Arithmetic | `//product[@price > 2.50]` |
| Has children | `//ul[*]` |
| Has children (specific) | `//ul[li]` |
{:.greycode.no-head}
Expressions
-----------
@ -220,7 +234,7 @@ boolean()
Axes
----
### The / separator
### Using axes
Steps of an expression are separated by `/`, usually used to pick child nodes. That's not always true: you can specify a different "axis" with `::`.
```sh
@ -308,7 +322,7 @@ More examples
```sh
//* # all elements
count(//*) # count all elements
//h1[1]/text() # text of the first h1 heading
(//h1)[1]/text() # text of the first h1 heading
//li[span] # find a <li> with an <span> inside it
# ...expands to //li[child::span]
//ul/li/.. # use .. to select a parent