Improve xpath
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Rico Sta. Cruz
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xpath.md
66
xpath.md
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@ -3,21 +3,27 @@ title: Xpath
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layout: default
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layout: default
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---
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---
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CSS equivalents
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### Descendant selectors
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---------------
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| CSS | Xpath | ? |
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| CSS | Xpath | ? |
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| --- | --- | ---: |
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| --- | --- | ---: |
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| `ul > li` | `//ul/li` | [?](#axes) |
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| `ul > li` | `//ul/li` | [?](#axes) |
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| `ul > li > a` | `//ul/li/a` | |
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| `div > *` | `//div/*` | |
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| `div > *` | `//div/*` | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| `h1` | `//h1` | [?](#prefixes) |
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| `div p` | `//div//p` | [?](#axes) |
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| `div p` | `//div//p` | [?](#axes) |
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| --- | --- | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| `h1 ~ ul` | `//h1/following-sibling::ul` | [?](#other-axes) |
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| `h1 + ul` | `//h1/following-sibling::ul` | [?](#other-axes) |
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| `h1 ~ #id` | `//h1/following-sibling::[@id="id"]` | |
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| `h1 + #id` | `//h1/following-sibling::[@id="id"]` | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| `:root` | `/` | [?](#prefixes) |
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| `:root` | `/` | [?](#prefixes) |
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| `:root > body` | `/body` | |
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| `:root > body` | `/body` | |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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### Attribute selectors
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| CSS | Xpath | ? |
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| --- | --- | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| `input[type="submit"]` | `//input[@type="submit"]` | [?](#predicates) |
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| `input[type="submit"]` | `//input[@type="submit"]` | [?](#predicates) |
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| `a[href^='/']` | `//a[starts-with(@href, '/')]` | [?](#string-functions) |
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| `a[href^='/']` | `//a[starts-with(@href, '/')]` | [?](#string-functions) |
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@ -25,7 +31,12 @@ CSS equivalents
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| --- | --- | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| `#id` | `//[@id="id"]` | |
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| `#id` | `//[@id="id"]` | |
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| `.class` | `//[@class="class"]` *...see below* | |
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| `.class` | `//[@class="class"]` *...see below* | |
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| --- | --- | |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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### Order selectors
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| CSS | Xpath | ? |
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| --- | --- | -- |
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| `ul > li:first-child` | `//ul/li[1]` | [?](#indexing) |
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| `ul > li:first-child` | `//ul/li[1]` | [?](#indexing) |
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| `ul > li:nth-child(2)` | `//ul/li[2]` | |
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| `ul > li:nth-child(2)` | `//ul/li[2]` | |
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| `ul > li:last-child` | `//ul/li[last()]` | |
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| `ul > li:last-child` | `//ul/li[last()]` | |
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@ -37,6 +48,28 @@ CSS equivalents
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| `li:first-of-type` | `//li[not(preceding-sibling::li)]` | |
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| `li:first-of-type` | `//li[not(preceding-sibling::li)]` | |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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### jQuery
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| jQuery | Xpath | ? |
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| ------ | --- | -- |
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| `$('ul > li').parent()` | `//ul/li/..` | [?](#other-axes) |
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| `$('li').closest('section')` | `//li/ancestor-or-self::section` | |
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| ---- | ---- | |
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| `$('a').attr('href')` | `//a/@href` | [?](#steps) |
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| `$('span').text()` | `//span/text()` | |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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### Other things
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| jQuery | Xpath | ? |
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| ---- | ---- | -- |
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| Text match | `//button[text()="Submit"]` | [?](#operators) |
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| Text match (substring) | `//button[contains(text(),"Go")]` | |
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| Arithmetic | `//product[@price > 2.50]` | |
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| Has children | `//ul[*]` | |
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| Has children (specific) | `//ul[li]` | |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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### Class check
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### Class check
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Xpath doesn't have the "check if part of space-separated list" operator, so this is the workaround:
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Xpath doesn't have the "check if part of space-separated list" operator, so this is the workaround:
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@ -44,25 +77,6 @@ Xpath doesn't have the "check if part of space-separated list" operator, so this
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//div[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' foobar ')]
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//div[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' foobar ')]
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```
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```
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### Other stuff
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For things that CSS alone can't do.
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| jQuery | Xpath |
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| ------ | --- |
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| `$('ul > li').parent()` | `//ul/li/..` |
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| `$('li').closest('section')` | `//li/ancestor-or-self::section` |
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| ---- | ---- |
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| `$('a').attr('href')` | `//a/@href` |
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| `$('span').text()` | `//span/text()` |
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| ---- | ---- |
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| Text match | `//button[text()="Submit"]` |
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| Text match (substring) | `//button[contains(text(),"Go")]` |
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| Arithmetic | `//product[@price > 2.50]` |
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| Has children | `//ul[*]` |
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| Has children (specific) | `//ul[li]` |
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{:.greycode.no-head}
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Expressions
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Expressions
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-----------
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-----------
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@ -220,7 +234,7 @@ boolean()
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Axes
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Axes
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----
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----
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### The / separator
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### Using axes
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Steps of an expression are separated by `/`, usually used to pick child nodes. That's not always true: you can specify a different "axis" with `::`.
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Steps of an expression are separated by `/`, usually used to pick child nodes. That's not always true: you can specify a different "axis" with `::`.
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```sh
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```sh
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@ -308,7 +322,7 @@ More examples
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```sh
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```sh
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//* # all elements
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//* # all elements
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count(//*) # count all elements
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count(//*) # count all elements
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//h1[1]/text() # text of the first h1 heading
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(//h1)[1]/text() # text of the first h1 heading
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//li[span] # find a <li> with an <span> inside it
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//li[span] # find a <li> with an <span> inside it
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# ...expands to //li[child::span]
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# ...expands to //li[child::span]
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//ul/li/.. # use .. to select a parent
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//ul/li/.. # use .. to select a parent
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