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Rico Sta. Cruz
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vimscript.md
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vimscript.md
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ let var = "hello"
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```
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### Variable prefixes
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The `s:` prefix is also available in function names.
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The `s:` prefix is also available in function names. See `:help local-variables`
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```vim
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let g:ack_options = '-s -H' " g: global
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ echo $PATH " $ env
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```
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### Vim options
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Prefix with `&`.
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Prefix with `&`
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```vim
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echo 'tabstop is ' . &tabstop
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@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ let var += 5
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let var .= 'string' " concat
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```
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### [Strings](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/26.html)
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Also see `:help literal-string` and `:help expr-quote`.
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## [Strings](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/26.html)
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Also see `:help literal-string` and `:help expr-quote`
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```vim
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let str = "String"
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@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ echo "result = " . re " concatenation
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```
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### [String functions](learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/27.html)
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Also see `:help functions`.
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Also see `:help functions`
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```vim
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strlen(str) " length
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@ -123,13 +124,35 @@ function! myfunction() abort
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endfunction
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```
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### Dynamic arguments
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### [Var arguments](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/24.html)
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See `:help function-argument`
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```vim
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function! infect(...)
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echo a:0
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echo a:1
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echo a:0 "=> 2
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echo a:1 "=> jake
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echo a:2 "=> bella
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for s in a:000 " a list
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echon ' ' . s
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endfor
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endfunction
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infect('jake', 'bella')
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```
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Loops
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-----
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```vim
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for s in list
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echo s
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continue " jump to start of loop
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break " breaks out of a loop
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endfor
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while x < 5
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endwhile
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```
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Custom commands
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@ -180,10 +203,62 @@ else
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endif
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```
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### [Truthiness](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/21.html)
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No booleans. `0` is false, `1` is true.
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```vim
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if 1 | echo "true" | endif
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if 0 | echo "false" | endif
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```
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```vim
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if 1 "=> 1 (true)
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if 0 "=> 0 (false)
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if "1" "=> 1 (true)
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if "456" "=> 1 (true)
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if "xfz" "=> 0 (false)
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```
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### [Operators](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/22.html)
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See `:help expression-syntax`
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```vim
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if 3 > 2
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if a && b
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if (a && b) || (c && d)
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if !c
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```
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### Strings
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```vim
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if name ==# 'John' " case-sensitive
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if name ==? 'John' " case-insensitive
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if name == 'John' " depends on :set ignorecase
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" also: is#, is?, >=#, >=?, and so on
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```
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### Identity operators
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Checks if it's the same instance object
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```
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a is b
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a isnot b
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```
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### Regexp matches
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```vim
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"hello" =~ /x/
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"hello" !~ /x/
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```
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### Single line
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```vim
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if empty(a:path) | return [] | endif
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a ? b : c
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```
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### Boolean logic
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@ -252,6 +327,8 @@ call filter(files, 'v:val != ""')
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Dictionaries
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------------
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See `:help dict`
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```vim
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let colors = {
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\ "apple": "red",
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@ -263,8 +340,27 @@ echo get(colors, "apple") " supress error
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remove(colors, "apple")
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" :help E715
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if has_key(dict, 'foo')
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if empty(dict)
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keys(dict)
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len(dict)
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max(dict)
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min(dict)
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count(dict, 'x')
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string(dict)
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map(dict, '<>> " . v:val')
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```
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### Iteration
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```vim
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for key in keys(mydict)
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echo key . ': ' . mydict(key)
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endfor
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```
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### Prefixes
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@ -290,8 +386,34 @@ str2nr("3")
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float2nr("3.14")
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```
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Math
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----
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[Numbers](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/25.html)
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-------
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See `:help Number`
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```vim
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let int = 1000
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let int = 0xff
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let int = 0755 " octal
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```
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### Floats
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See `:help Float`
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```vim
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let fl = 100.1
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let fl = 5.4e4
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```
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### Arithmetic
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```vim
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3 / 2 "=> 1, integer division
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3 / 2.0 "=> 1.5
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3 * 2.0 "=> 6.0
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```
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### Math functions
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```vim
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sqrt(100)
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@ -308,7 +430,7 @@ Vim-isms
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--------
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### [Execute a command](http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/chapters/28.html)
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Runs an ex command you typically run with `:`. Also see `:help execute`.
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Runs an ex command you typically run with `:`. Also see `:help execute`
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```vim
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execute "vsplit"
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@ -325,6 +447,16 @@ normal! G " skips key mappings
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execute "normal! gg/foo\<cr>dd"
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```
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### Getting filenames
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```vim
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echo expand("%") " path/file.txt
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echo expand("%:t") " file.txt
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echo expand("%:p:h") " /home/you/path/file.txt
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echo expand("%:r") " path/file
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echo expand("%:e") " txt
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```
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### Silencing
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See `:help silent`
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@ -335,6 +467,10 @@ silent g/Aap/p
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### Echo
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```vim
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echoerr 'oh it failed'
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echomsg 'hello there'
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echo 'hello'
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echohl WarningMsg | echomsg "=> " . a:msg | echohl None
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```
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